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		<doi>10.37002/biodiversidadebrasileira.v10i1.1570</doi>
		<citationkey>NogueiraMoPaRoMaSeSc:2019:PrUsDr</citationkey>
		<title>Procedures in the Use of Drones to Validate the Fire Detection by satellites</title>
		<year>2019</year>
		<secondarytype>PRE CN</secondarytype>
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		<author>Nogueira, Joana,</author>
		<author>Morelli, Fabiano,</author>
		<author>Passos, Heber,</author>
		<author>Romão, Marcelo,</author>
		<author>Martins, Guilherme,</author>
		<author>Setzer, Alberto Waingort,</author>
		<author>Schroeder, Wilfrid,</author>
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		<group>DIDPI-CGOBT-INPE-MCTIC-GOV-BR</group>
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		<group></group>
		<group>DIDPI-CGOBT-INPE-MCTIC-GOV-BR</group>
		<group>DIDSA-CGCPT-INPE-MCTIC-GOV-BR</group>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>NOAA/NESDIS</affiliation>
		<conferencename>International Wildland Fire Ecology and Fire Management Congress, 7</conferencename>
		<conferencelocation>Brasília, DF</conferencelocation>
		<date>2019</date>
		<booktitle>Anais</booktitle>
		<transferableflag>1</transferableflag>
		<contenttype>External Contribution</contenttype>
		<versiontype>publisher</versiontype>
		<keywords>Thermal sensor, experimental burning, validation, fire, drone, calibration.</keywords>
		<abstract>Forest  fires  annually  destroy  extensive  areas  of  vegetation,  causing  great environmental and economic damages. Many products derived from satellite observations have  been  used  to  monitor  fire  events.  In  Brazil,  the  Queimadas  Program  from  INPE develops  applications  for  the  daily  operational  monitoring  of  hot  spots  detected  by satellites. These detections are obtained with measurements from different sensors, which require specific algorithms and calibration parameters. The use of thermal sensor coupled to drone allows obtaining parameters with adequate spatial resolution. However, there are still no defined routines for obtaining these measures. The aim of this work is to propose a procedures  protocol  for  the  use  of  thermal  sensor  coupled  to  drone  in  experiments  for validate  the  detection  of  hot  spots  by  satellites.  Based  on  our  field  experiences  it  is  first necessary to have support from brigadiers, to instruct the teams with safety procedures to carry out the experiments. Secondly, i) to request authorization for the drone flights, in the SARPAS / DECEA system; ii) to check the weather conditions (cloud cover, wind speed and  direction,  etc.);  iii)  to  determine  the  size  of  the  burned  area,  which  is  inversely proportional to the spatial resolution of the satellite sensor studied; iv) to define the height of the drone's positioning, depending on the dimension of the chosen area and the sensor's field of view, and; v) to determine the sequence of the drone activation time, the start of the  burning  and  the  satellite  imagery  over the  location.  Finally,  it  is  necessary  to  obtain quality  thermal  measures:  i)  to  start  the  fire  in  advance  for  arrive  to  high  temperatures during satellite imaging in the place of interest; ii) to consider the time to stabilize the drone andstart acquiring the thermal data, before and after the peak of the satellite passage, and; iii) after the satellite has passed, to use the drone for measure the surrounding temperature (radius  =  ~  200m),  obtaining  a  temperature  reference  in  the  surrounding  areas.  This protocol  aims  to  standardize  the  experiments,  improving  the  detection  algorithms  and providing improvements in the products presented in the Queimadas Program database.</abstract>
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		<language>en</language>
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