@InProceedings{NogueiraMoPaRoMaSeSc:2019:PrUsDr,
               author = "Nogueira, Joana and Morelli, Fabiano and Passos, Heber and 
                         Rom{\~a}o, Marcelo and Martins, Guilherme and Setzer, Alberto 
                         Waingort and Schroeder, Wilfrid",
          affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de 
                         Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas 
                         Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 
                         (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and 
                         NOAA/NESDIS",
                title = "Procedures in the Use of Drones to Validate the Fire Detection by 
                         satellites",
            booktitle = "Anais...",
                 year = "2019",
         organization = "International Wildland Fire Ecology and Fire Management Congress, 
                         7.",
             keywords = "Thermal sensor, experimental burning, validation, fire, drone, 
                         calibration.",
             abstract = "Forest fires annually destroy extensive areas of vegetation, 
                         causing great environmental and economic damages. Many products 
                         derived from satellite observations have been used to monitor fire 
                         events. In Brazil, the Queimadas Program from INPE develops 
                         applications for the daily operational monitoring of hot spots 
                         detected by satellites. These detections are obtained with 
                         measurements from different sensors, which require specific 
                         algorithms and calibration parameters. The use of thermal sensor 
                         coupled to drone allows obtaining parameters with adequate spatial 
                         resolution. However, there are still no defined routines for 
                         obtaining these measures. The aim of this work is to propose a 
                         procedures protocol for the use of thermal sensor coupled to drone 
                         in experiments for validate the detection of hot spots by 
                         satellites. Based on our field experiences it is first necessary 
                         to have support from brigadiers, to instruct the teams with safety 
                         procedures to carry out the experiments. Secondly, i) to request 
                         authorization for the drone flights, in the SARPAS / DECEA system; 
                         ii) to check the weather conditions (cloud cover, wind speed and 
                         direction, etc.); iii) to determine the size of the burned area, 
                         which is inversely proportional to the spatial resolution of the 
                         satellite sensor studied; iv) to define the height of the drone's 
                         positioning, depending on the dimension of the chosen area and the 
                         sensor's field of view, and; v) to determine the sequence of the 
                         drone activation time, the start of the burning and the satellite 
                         imagery over the location. Finally, it is necessary to obtain 
                         quality thermal measures: i) to start the fire in advance for 
                         arrive to high temperatures during satellite imaging in the place 
                         of interest; ii) to consider the time to stabilize the drone 
                         andstart acquiring the thermal data, before and after the peak of 
                         the satellite passage, and; iii) after the satellite has passed, 
                         to use the drone for measure the surrounding temperature (radius = 
                         ~ 200m), obtaining a temperature reference in the surrounding 
                         areas. This protocol aims to standardize the experiments, 
                         improving the detection algorithms and providing improvements in 
                         the products presented in the Queimadas Program database.",
  conference-location = "Bras{\'{\i}}lia, DF",
      conference-year = "2019",
                  doi = "10.37002/biodiversidadebrasileira.v10i1.1570",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.37002/biodiversidadebrasileira.v10i1.1570",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "1570-Texto do Artigo-6525-1-10-20200401.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "2024, May 05"
}